Naval Brass C46400 is nominally composed of 60% copper, 39.2% zinc, and 0.8% tin. As is typical of brass alloys with the duplex alpha + beta structure, C46400 has good strength and rigidity. By substituting tin for an equal quantity of zinc, a high corrosion resistance to seawater is achieved.
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When General Electric builds turbine condensers or Huntington Ingalls forges submarine components, they deploy C46400. This tin-stabilized brass laughs at salt spray, resists dezincification under tidal stress, and shrugs off biofouling. It’s why USS Gerald R. Ford uses it for seawater piping – outperforming standard brass by 20+ years in NATO marine trials.
Technical Parameters
| Property | C46400 Value | C26000 (Cartridge Brass) | C68700 (Arsenical Brass) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Composition | Cu 60–63% | Cu 68.5–71.5% | Cu 76%, Zn 22%, As 0.04% |
| Sn 0.5–1.0%, Zn Balance | Zn Balance | Al 2% | |
| Tensile Strength | 400 MPa | 375 MPa | 380 MPa |
| Corrosion Rate (Seawater) | 0.030 mm/yr | 0.150 mm/yr | 0.035 mm/yr |
| Dezincification Resistance | ASTM B858 Class A | Not Rated | Class B |
| Thermal Conductivity | 110 W/m·K | 120 W/m·K | 105 W/m·K |
| Standard Forms | Rods, Forgings, Plates | Tubes, Strips | Sheets |
Certifications: ASTM B21. MIL-B-20080B, NACE MR0175. ABS Type 2. RoHS Compliant
3 Unbeatable Advantages
Seawater Immunity
Survives 15+ years in tidal zones (per ASTM G52) – 5x longer than C26000.
Machining Efficiency
75% machinability rating – cuts CNC time 30% vs. bronze alloys.
Impact Toughness
Absorbs 50 J at -40°C (ASTM E23) – ideal for Arctic offshore rigs.
Engineered for Extreme Service
Biofouling Resistance: Tin oxide layer repels barnacles (DNV-RP-B401 certified).
Stress-Corrosion Proof: Immune to SCC in chlorides (NACE TM0177 validated).
Non-Sparking: Safe for explosive oil/gas zones (OSHA 1910.269 compliant).
Weldability: Easily joined via TIG/brazing with minimal preheat.
Military-Spec Production Process
1 Induction Melting
1.100°C under nitrogen shield to prevent tin oxidation.
2 Hot Forging
700°C press forming for directional grain flow.
3 Solution Annealing
550°C quench to lock corrosion resistance.
4 Precision Machining
Swiss turning @ ±0.005" tolerance for valve components.
5 Passivation
Chromate-free yellow coating for instant seawater activation.
Critical Applications
| Industry | Components | Certification |
|---|---|---|
| Naval Defense | Propeller shafts, torpedo tubes | MIL-STD-889. DFARS Compliant |
| Marine Engineering | Heat exchanger tubes, stern bearings | ABS, Lloyd’s Register Type Approved |
| Oil & Gas | Pump impellers, valve trim | API 6A, NACE MR0103 |
| Power Generation | Condenser plates, turbine bolts | ASME Section VIII Div. 1 |
| Desalination | High-pressure fittings | WHO Drinking Water Standard |
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